No. You cannot simply install a GPU in a laptop as you could in a desktop.
Only specific gaming laptop models will allow you to upgrade the GPU, but they typically cost $1,400+ USD. These specific models use MXM format GPUs (basically like a mini PCIe graphic card specific for laptops) which can be very expensive even for "low end" GPUs. They probably sell for at least $200 USD if you can find them because they are not sold directly to the public. Most people buy them from eBay.
Your best option is to simply buy a new laptop with a dedicated GPU.