To isolate the issue, you'll need to stress both the CPU and GPU independently.
For the CPU, run the Intel CPU diagnostic or Prime95 for 20 minutes or until the laptop turns off.
https/downloadcenter.intel.com/download/19792/Intel-Processor-Diagnostic-Tool
https
/www.mersenne.org/download/
For the GPU, run FurMark
https
/geeks3d.com/furmark/
I see three possibilities. GPU, CPU, or the motherboard itself (bad VRM, etc). In any case, you'll probably have to contact Lenovo for an RMA assuming it's still under warranty.