If you deleted them within the email account, you will have to check with the email hosting company to see if there is a way to recover them.
However, if you deleted them on the phone, and are looking to recover them through email, that isn't possible to just 'recover' them. If you had the phone synced to the account, and updated that sync regularly, then the files should be there in the account. If you didn't have that set up, they won't be there.
You can try the following to 'maybe' recover some or all of them from the phone...
There are a few apps/programs out there that 'may' be able to help you recover the data.
A few of the programs you could try would be... DiskDigger, MobiSaver, Android-Recovery and Tenorshare. They are all data recovery apps/programs. There are many others out there, so check around and see which you would rather try. There is also one called RECUVA, that I have heard is free, which you could try.
One important note though, most of these programs are not free. They may say they are "free" or have "Free Trials" and "Free Downloads". Yet to actually recover your data, and get your files back, you may be have to purchase the program/app. Just so you know.
NOTE: For future reference, I really would suggest backing up your data to a computer or cloud. Often. Better to spend the time doing that, rather than to be out all that stuff if the phone dies, things get deleted/erased or it gets stolen.