Patents are effectively stifling innovation at all but the largest tech companies, who are the only ones that can afford a team of patent lawyers (and trust me, they are expensive). Not only do companies have to fear a bad patent being granted and all the legal and/or licensing fees that will go along with it, but they must develop in the dark, as their can be a lag of a year or more (IIRC) before an applied for patent is disclosed. Major patent reform is an absolute must, and should include immediate disclosure, much stricter interpretation of prior art/obviousness, a patent challenge process that is paid for by the patent office (easily paid for by patent fees),and a very short duration for any patents not in actual use.