Your 3.5mm port may not be input/output. It may be input only. Or it could be one of the input/outputs that don't work with all mic devices. It happens. A way around this, no matter which one it is, would be to get a 3.5mm to USB adapter (usually like 10 dollars or so) and connect through the USB port. Which would not have this problem.
NOTE: This will only work if the mic on the earbuds is actually working. So test them on another device first.