Without the system having a tracing capability (like lojack) there is no feasible way to do it. Your best bet is to report the item to the police to see if they find it or it turns up in a pawn shop. Otherwise, there really is no way to do so.
Technically, if you could track the MAC address and had detailed access to the network your missing laptop was on, you could find it, but it would harder than finding a needle in a haystack tracing via the entire internet.
Sorry for your loss.