An older film transfer or video may not be at 4K. They might upscale it to 4k. Not the same as native 4k but it would be done with very expensive scalers that are way better than anything built into a TV. Net result would still be the best transfer at the highest resolution you could get.
A movie that was shot in 4k video or above would likely be edited in it's native resolution (might be 8k) and then converted down to 4k for blueray distribution. I guess if the facility that did the work wasn't fully set up to 4k standards they might have to downconvert to process or edit the video and then upconvert again to master it for 4K.
No TV made today (including $30k TVs made for mastering) meet the full spec of HDR10. The spec was designed to...