The 2410M has a slightly better integrated graphics card, better single-thread application performance than the other two. The 2410M, along with the 560M, also has some security-related hardware that the 480M does not have. If your matlab processes interacts with anything that requires encryption, then that may be important to you.
IIRC, matlab is well threaded, so the 2410M's better single-thread performance shouldn't matter that much, but the better integrated graphics should make your general user experience somewhat better.
Basically, 2410>=560>=480 (more = than > in most cases)