That Radio Sound - Compression & Limiting

Brian

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I don't know whether I'm asking for something you folks consider
industry trade secrets, but could somebody explain to me how that
big, boomy, bright, full "radio sound" is achieved?

My ears love uncompressed music as much as the next audiophile's,
but under some circumstances, like while driving and listening to
my compilation CD-Rs, FM radio-style compression is preferable.
Moreover, some tracks simply sound magical with that compressed,
booming radio sound -- think "Cruisin'" by Smokey Robinson. :)

So, sitting in the company of CEP 2.0's hard limiter and dynamics
processing functions here at home, I'm wondering if that kind of
sound can be duplicated, or at least closely immitated, in my
livingroom.

It should be stated that while I've never set foot inside a real
radio studio, I have a fair understanding of how this processing
works from lots of reading and a technically-oriented mind. I.e.,
what compression/expansion do as opposed to hard limiting, how
thresholds and ratios and compensation gain relate to them, the
roles attack, release, and lookahead times play in affecting the
punchyness in the output, the fact that everything above happens
independently yet simultaneously to different frequency ranges
(multi-band compression) which partly overlap (crossover?), etc.
I just lack the expertise and experience real engineers have to
make all those things work in harmony to produce a true "radio"
sound without breathing and pumping. <g> That's why I'm here.

At <http://www.snpp.com/staff/brian/drc/>, I've uploaded a few
GIFs showing the DRP options offered by CEP 2.0. While genuine
multi-band DRP is not possible in this program, it does permit
you to define the low and high frequency cutoffs for each DRP
action. Theoretically, then, it should be possible for me to
achieve "multi-band" compression by performing DRP in multiple
passes, once for each band.

Anyone have any hints on where I might start? Like tips on what
compression/expansion ratios, thresholds, compensation/output/
input gains, and attack/release/lookahead times are best applied
to each band, etc., if I could achieve something like the sound
that well-engineered classic rock/oldies/pop/new age stations
exhibit (big, booming, and larger than life -- but not *totally*
dead dynamically, like soft rock stations engineered to be heard
through alarm clock radios)? Of course, I realize that beggars
can't be choosy. :)

I'd really appreciate any pointers this group might have.

P.S. - Something I'm vastly ignorant of is where the low & high
cutoff points fall for each band in the multi-band compressors
used by most stations -- as well as how MANY bands they usually
have to begin with, and by how many Hz/kHz they usually overlap
(crossover?). Info here would likewise be very much appreciated.


Brian
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If you wish to respond privately, replace 'moon' with 'sun'.
 
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On Thu, 30 Sep 2004 08:57:33 GMT, in rec.audio.pro you wrote:
snip
>It should be stated that while I've never set foot inside a real
>radio studio, I have a fair understanding of how this processing
>works from lots of reading and a technically-oriented mind. I.e.,
>what compression/expansion do as opposed to hard limiting, how
>thresholds and ratios and compensation gain relate to them, the
>roles attack, release, and lookahead times play in affecting the
>punchyness in the output, the fact that everything above happens
>independently yet simultaneously to different frequency ranges
>(multi-band compression) which partly overlap (crossover?), etc.
>I just lack the expertise and experience real engineers have to
>make all those things work in harmony to produce a true "radio"
>sound without breathing and pumping. <g> That's why I'm here.
>snip
>
>Brian
>__
>E-mail address munged to avoid spammers.
>If you wish to respond privately, replace 'moon' with 'sun'.

I fortunately left the radio industry many years ago, before the
invention of Optimod
http://www.orban.com/orban/products/radio/index.html

a dangerous bit of kit in the wrong hands




martin

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On Thu, 30 Sep 2004 12:07:29 +0200, martin griffith
<martingriffith@yahoo.co.uk> wrote:

>On Thu, 30 Sep 2004 08:57:33 GMT, in rec.audio.pro you wrote:
>snip
>>It should be stated that while I've never set foot inside a real
>>radio studio, I have a fair understanding of how this processing
>>works from lots of reading and a technically-oriented mind. I.e.,
>>what compression/expansion do as opposed to hard limiting, how
>>thresholds and ratios and compensation gain relate to them, the
>>roles attack, release, and lookahead times play in affecting the
>>punchyness in the output, the fact that everything above happens
>>independently yet simultaneously to different frequency ranges
>>(multi-band compression) which partly overlap (crossover?), etc.
>>I just lack the expertise and experience real engineers have to
>>make all those things work in harmony to produce a true "radio"
>>sound without breathing and pumping. <g> That's why I'm here.
>>snip
>>
>>Brian
>>__
>>E-mail address munged to avoid spammers.
>>If you wish to respond privately, replace 'moon' with 'sun'.
>
>I fortunately left the radio industry many years ago, before the
>invention of Optimod
>http://www.orban.com/orban/products/radio/index.html
>
>a dangerous bit of kit in the wrong hands
>
You seem to imply that there might be some right hands for an Optimod.
Of course there are - those of a scrap metal dealer.

d
Pearce Consulting
http://www.pearce.uk.com
 
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Don Pearce <donald@pearce.uk.com> wrote:
>>
>You seem to imply that there might be some right hands for an Optimod.
>Of course there are - those of a scrap metal dealer.

The older Optimods are actually pretty good. If you disable the gate on
them and set them up well, they can give you a little bit of extra level
without being aggressive or problematic in any way.

In terms of actually being able to get the modulation level up without
overshoot, the Optimods do a better job than anything that came before
them. Going from an Audimax/Volumax combination to an Optimod 8100 is
amazing in that you can increase the transmitter modulation considerably
with a decrease in perceived distortion.

The problem comes when people try to do abusive things, like cranking the
compression ratios on the Optimod way higher than is appropriate for mere
gainriding, and start hammering the limiters. Or abusive things like putting
three racks worth of multiband compressors in front of the Optimod.

Honestly, the old 8100 is a good choice for a minimally processed classical
or jazz station today... and the Optimod _can_ be used with minimal processing.
It's a tool, and it's a tool that is often horribly abused by engineers
trying to make things massively louder and destroying sound quality, but
don't blame the tool for the Loudness Wars.
--scott
--
"C'est un Nagra. C'est suisse, et tres, tres precis."
 
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>> I fortunately left the radio industry many years ago, before the
>> invention of Optimod
>> http://www.orban.com/orban/products/radio/index.html
>>
>> a dangerous bit of kit in the wrong hands
>>
> You seem to imply that there might be some right hands for an Optimod.
> Of course there are - those of a scrap metal dealer.
>
> d
> Pearce Consulting
> http://www.pearce.uk.com

I'd be disagreein'' with that.

Ty Ford



-- Ty Ford's equipment reviews, audio samples, rates and other audiocentric
stuff are at www.tyford.com
 

mark

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donald@pearce.uk.com (Don Pearce) wrote in message news:<415be107.8476296@news.plus.net>...
> On Thu, 30 Sep 2004 12:07:29 +0200, martin griffith
> <martingriffith@yahoo.co.uk> wrote:
>
> >On Thu, 30 Sep 2004 08:57:33 GMT, in rec.audio.pro you wrote:
> >snip
> >>It should be stated that while I've never set foot inside a real
> >>radio studio, I have a fair understanding of how this processing
> >>works from lots of reading and a technically-oriented mind. I.e.,
> >>what compression/expansion do as opposed to hard limiting, how
> >>thresholds and ratios and compensation gain relate to them, the
> >>roles attack, release, and lookahead times play in affecting the
> >>punchyness in the output, the fact that everything above happens
> >>independently yet simultaneously to different frequency ranges
> >>(multi-band compression) which partly overlap (crossover?), etc.
> >>I just lack the expertise and experience real engineers have to
> >>make all those things work in harmony to produce a true "radio"
> >>sound without breathing and pumping. <g> That's why I'm here.
> >>snip
> >>
> >>Brian
> >>__

For FM, part of it is the pre-emphasis and de-emphasis. This combined
with the compression/limiting results in the high frequencies being
compressed/limited to a lower loudness than the low frequencies are.
The de-emphasis is over 12 dB or so down at 15 kHz.

This is why I don't listen to the radio anymore. Please don't add
this to your recordings.

Mark
 
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> It's a tool, and it's a tool that is often horribly abused by engineers
> trying to make things massively louder and destroying sound quality, but
> don't blame the tool for the Loudness Wars.
> --scott

Persactly. I remember getting a call from a friend engineer in Washington DC
when I was in Baltimore. He was asking what I had in front of the optimod. It
was fashionable by some then to have two or three processing boxes in the
audio chain of one's FM.

He said he really liked our open sound and that it was plenty loud. I said we
had a new invention in line; a piece of wire.

To jam Bob Orban for the abuse that others created with his fine tools is
just plain wrong.

Regards,

Ty Ford




-- Ty Ford's equipment reviews, audio samples, rates and other audiocentric
stuff are at www.tyford.com
 
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Mark <makolber@yahoo.com> wrote:
>For FM, part of it is the pre-emphasis and de-emphasis. This combined
>with the compression/limiting results in the high frequencies being
>compressed/limited to a lower loudness than the low frequencies are.
>The de-emphasis is over 12 dB or so down at 15 kHz.

Huh? The frequency response should be flat because the emphasis and
de-emphasis curves cancel out. There isn't any processing being done
between the two procedures.

>This is why I don't listen to the radio anymore. Please don't add
>this to your recordings.

No, the current obsession with loudness on the part of broadcasters is
a social problem and not a technical problem, and it is responsible for
the way radio sounds today.
--scott
--
"C'est un Nagra. C'est suisse, et tres, tres precis."
 
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On 30 Sep 2004 09:11:53 -0400, kludge@panix.com (Scott Dorsey) wrote:

>Don Pearce <donald@pearce.uk.com> wrote:
>>>
>>You seem to imply that there might be some right hands for an Optimod.
>>Of course there are - those of a scrap metal dealer.
>
>The older Optimods are actually pretty good. If you disable the gate on
>them and set them up well, they can give you a little bit of extra level
>without being aggressive or problematic in any way.
>
>In terms of actually being able to get the modulation level up without
>overshoot, the Optimods do a better job than anything that came before
>them. Going from an Audimax/Volumax combination to an Optimod 8100 is
>amazing in that you can increase the transmitter modulation considerably
>with a decrease in perceived distortion.
>
>The problem comes when people try to do abusive things, like cranking the
>compression ratios on the Optimod way higher than is appropriate for mere
>gainriding, and start hammering the limiters. Or abusive things like putting
>three racks worth of multiband compressors in front of the Optimod.
>
>Honestly, the old 8100 is a good choice for a minimally processed classical
>or jazz station today... and the Optimod _can_ be used with minimal processing.
>It's a tool, and it's a tool that is often horribly abused by engineers
>trying to make things massively louder and destroying sound quality, but
>don't blame the tool for the Loudness Wars.
>--scott

You reply goes to the heart of what is wrong with Optimod, and all
things like it. As a listener, if I need a bit of extra level, I can
turn up my volume control. If it is too loud, I can turn it down. I
certainly don't want some godawful machine doing it for me.

Pop music generally sounds best the way the producer left it, and
classical sounds best completely uncompressed - there is no reason for
a radio station to do any level processing at all.

As for the spoken word, even the least amount of compressions sounds
totally pants.

d
Pearce Consulting
http://www.pearce.uk.com
 
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JWelsh3374 <jwelsh3374@aol.comnojunk> wrote:
>Anyone else notice enormous bass boost on radio?
>
>I have to notch my "bass" control back 60% or so on a couple of stations here
>in Nashville.

That's a regional thing, I think. Around here, most places have incredibly
peaked-up treble, except for the NPR affiliate, which has a bass boost.
--scott

--
"C'est un Nagra. C'est suisse, et tres, tres precis."
 
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On Thu, 30 Sep 2004 09:31:08 -0400, Ty Ford <tyreeford@comcast.net>
wrote:

>
>>> I fortunately left the radio industry many years ago, before the
>>> invention of Optimod
>>> http://www.orban.com/orban/products/radio/index.html
>>>
>>> a dangerous bit of kit in the wrong hands
>>>
>> You seem to imply that there might be some right hands for an Optimod.
>> Of course there are - those of a scrap metal dealer.
>>
>> d
>> Pearce Consulting
>> http://www.pearce.uk.com
>
>I'd be disagreein'' with that.
>
>Ty Ford
>
I've listened to your audio samples, and I'm not surprised. Try
listening to what real people sound like for a bit, and strive for
that instead - you may be pleasantly surprised.

d
Pearce Consulting
http://www.pearce.uk.com
 
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On Thu, 30 Sep 2004 10:34:44 GMT, in rec.audio.pro you wrote:

>On Thu, 30 Sep 2004 12:07:29 +0200, martin griffith
><martingriffith@yahoo.co.uk> wrote:
>

>>I fortunately left the radio industry many years ago, before the
>>invention of Optimod
>>http://www.orban.com/orban/products/radio/index.html
>>
>>a dangerous bit of kit in the wrong hands
>>
>You seem to imply that there might be some right hands for an Optimod.
>Of course there are - those of a scrap metal dealer.
>
>d
>Pearce Consulting
>http://www.pearce.uk.com

I think its probably fine for butchering the sound for a shortwave
transmission, apart from that...........


martin

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In article <415d0873.18565671@news.plus.net>, donald@pearce.uk.com says...
>
>
>On 30 Sep 2004 09:11:53 -0400, kludge@panix.com (Scott Dorsey) wrote:
>
>>Don Pearce <donald@pearce.uk.com> wrote:
>>>>
>>>You seem to imply that there might be some right hands for an Optimod.
>>>Of course there are - those of a scrap metal dealer.
>>
>>The older Optimods are actually pretty good. If you disable the gate on
>>them and set them up well, they can give you a little bit of extra level
>>without being aggressive or problematic in any way.
>>
>>In terms of actually being able to get the modulation level up without
>>overshoot, the Optimods do a better job than anything that came before
>>them. Going from an Audimax/Volumax combination to an Optimod 8100 is
>>amazing in that you can increase the transmitter modulation considerably
>>with a decrease in perceived distortion.
>>
>>The problem comes when people try to do abusive things, like cranking the
>>compression ratios on the Optimod way higher than is appropriate for mere
>>gainriding, and start hammering the limiters. Or abusive things like
putting
>>three racks worth of multiband compressors in front of the Optimod.
>>
>>Honestly, the old 8100 is a good choice for a minimally processed classical
>>or jazz station today... and the Optimod _can_ be used with minimal
processing.
>>It's a tool, and it's a tool that is often horribly abused by engineers
>>trying to make things massively louder and destroying sound quality, but
>>don't blame the tool for the Loudness Wars.
>>--scott
>
>You reply goes to the heart of what is wrong with Optimod, and all
>things like it. As a listener, if I need a bit of extra level, I can
>turn up my volume control. If it is too loud, I can turn it down. I
>certainly don't want some godawful machine doing it for me.
>
>Pop music generally sounds best the way the producer left it, and
>classical sounds best completely uncompressed - there is no reason for
>a radio station to do any level processing at all.
>
>As for the spoken word, even the least amount of compressions sounds
>totally pants.
>
>d
>Pearce Consulting
>http://www.pearce.uk.com


Don -- I'm sorry you're cross with me. However, I presume that you
understand that the FM channel does not have an infinite signal-to-noise
ratio. Eliminating all forms of protection processing will cause many
potential listeners of a given radio station to be unable to enjoy that
station because quiet parts of the program are contaminated by noise. "Turning
up the volume control" also turns up the noise and hence, does not address the
problem.

In the days of monophonic FM and outdoor aerials, this was less of a problem.
However, FM stereo introduced a noise penalty of approximately 20 dB, and few
people use outddor aerials anymore.

All DSP-based FM Optimods, BTW, offer the ability to configure the unit for
various forms of "purist" processing. The most purist of these offers
protection limiting that introduces no compression at all with normal input
levels, and only does the amount of HF limiting and peak limiting necessary to
protect the channel from overdeviation.

Bob Orban
 
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In article <415d0873.18565671@news.plus.net> donald@pearce.uk.com writes:

> You reply goes to the heart of what is wrong with Optimod, and all
> things like it. As a listener, if I need a bit of extra level, I can
> turn up my volume control. If it is too loud, I can turn it down. I
> certainly don't want some godawful machine doing it for me.

The problem that the Optimod solves (in addition to keeping the
station legal) is that most people don't like to constantly adjust the
volume control on their radio when going from music to talk, or from
one record to another on the station. Also, considering where most
people listen to the radio - in a car, in the kitchen, when doing
something else, they need less dynamic range than a well crafted
recording has so that they don't lose the quiet parts when the
background noise raises momentarily.

> Pop music generally sounds best the way the producer left it, and
> classical sounds best completely uncompressed - there is no reason for
> a radio station to do any level processing at all.

This is true, in an ideal world. But commercial radio isn't about
listening to music, it's about selling commercial air time (and
ultimately about selling the station for a profit). The way they do
that is to keep listeners, and the won't keep listeners who have to
continually adjust the volume control.

We have a couple of classical stations around here that don't ah heck
the music too badly and one jazz station that isn't smart enough to do
very much (though many of their promos are dreadfully overprocessed -
I write that off to the bad taste of the DJs who cut them). But pop
music radio is all about consistent volume and hearing the beat well
enough to get the heart pumping.


--
I'm really Mike Rivers (mrivers@d-and-d.com)
However, until the spam goes away or Hell freezes over,
lots of IP addresses are blocked from this system. If
you e-mail me and it bounces, use your secret decoder ring
and reach me here: double-m-eleven-double-zero at yahoo
 
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On Thu, 30 Sep 2004 09:36:29 -0400, Don Pearce wrote
(in article <415e0ba5.19383984@news.plus.net>):

> On Thu, 30 Sep 2004 09:31:08 -0400, Ty Ford <tyreeford@comcast.net>
> wrote:
>
>>
>>>> I fortunately left the radio industry many years ago, before the
>>>> invention of Optimod
>>>> http://www.orban.com/orban/products/radio/index.html
>>>>
>>>> a dangerous bit of kit in the wrong hands
>>>>
>>> You seem to imply that there might be some right hands for an Optimod.
>>> Of course there are - those of a scrap metal dealer.
>>>
>>> d
>>> Pearce Consulting
>>> http://www.pearce.uk.com
>>
>> I'd be disagreein'' with that.
>>
>> Ty Ford
>>
> I've listened to your audio samples, and I'm not surprised. Try
> listening to what real people sound like for a bit, and strive for
> that instead - you may be pleasantly surprised.
>
> d
> Pearce Consulting
> http://www.pearce.uk.com


Why Don. What a snotty reply.

Since I'm sure you know close to zip about what I do with audio, save the
snot for yourself in future. I don't need it and this group doesn't deserve
it.

The 8100 in the right hands is quite nice, folks.

Regards,

Ty Ford





-- Ty Ford's equipment reviews, audio samples, rates and other audiocentric
stuff are at www.tyford.com
 
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On Thu, 30 Sep 2004 19:22:59 -0800, Robert Orban
<donotreply@spamblock.com> wrote:

>>Pearce Consulting
>>http://www.pearce.uk.com
>
>
>Don -- I'm sorry you're cross with me. However, I presume that you
>understand that the FM channel does not have an infinite signal-to-noise
>ratio. Eliminating all forms of protection processing will cause many
>potential listeners of a given radio station to be unable to enjoy that
>station because quiet parts of the program are contaminated by noise. "Turning
>up the volume control" also turns up the noise and hence, does not address the
>problem.
>
>In the days of monophonic FM and outdoor aerials, this was less of a problem.
>However, FM stereo introduced a noise penalty of approximately 20 dB, and few
>people use outddor aerials anymore.
>
>All DSP-based FM Optimods, BTW, offer the ability to configure the unit for
>various forms of "purist" processing. The most purist of these offers
>protection limiting that introduces no compression at all with normal input
>levels, and only does the amount of HF limiting and peak limiting necessary to
>protect the channel from overdeviation.
>
>Bob Orban

Is there anybody left in the industry with the slightest idea of
exactly how much signal to noise ratio an FM channel actually has? It
has more than enough by many tens of dBs to cope with any pop record
released in the last twenty years. It also has vastly more than any
piece of vinyl *ever* released, and it has plenty enough for any
classical recording. So the lack of dynamic range argument is a
non-starter.

As for protecting channels from overdeviation, it is a regulatory
requirement that transmitters contain such protection - they don't
need Optimod for that, and anyway that is what the engineer is for.

No, Optimod is a tool seized upon by cheap and nasty radio stations
(and yes, I know that is most of them) for making themselves as noisy
and obnoxious as possible in order to stand out and appeal to the
lowest common denominator in the market. Now I'm sure that is a plan
of sorts, and I can't knock it. But never try to claim that it has
anything to do with quality. If you want quality you just leave out
all these extraneous bits - radio does not need them.

d
Pearce Consulting
http://www.pearce.uk.com
 
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On Thu, 30 Sep 2004 23:48:45 -0400, Ty Ford <tyreeford@comcast.net>
wrote:

>>>> You seem to imply that there might be some right hands for an Optimod.
>>>> Of course there are - those of a scrap metal dealer.
>>>>
>>>> d
>>>> Pearce Consulting
>>>> http://www.pearce.uk.com
>>>
>>> I'd be disagreein'' with that.
>>>
>>> Ty Ford
>>>
>> I've listened to your audio samples, and I'm not surprised. Try
>> listening to what real people sound like for a bit, and strive for
>> that instead - you may be pleasantly surprised.
>>
>> d
>> Pearce Consulting
>> http://www.pearce.uk.com
>
>
>Why Don. What a snotty reply.
>
>Since I'm sure you know close to zip about what I do with audio, save the
>snot for yourself in future. I don't need it and this group doesn't deserve
>it.
>
>The 8100 in the right hands is quite nice, folks.
>
>Regards,
>
>Ty Ford
>
>
TY, my comment was purely in reference to your published samples - not
your other work which as far as I know may be very good. But what you
put on your web site does indeed lead me to the conclusion that you
would like the sound of Optimod, since it is highly artificial in
nature. Now maybe you really do believe that everybody should like to
hear voices presented that way - and maybe I am indeed alone in the
group in preferring a natural human voice - but don't think for one
moment that this places you above criticism. And I'm sure that the
group can speak for itself if it feels offended by my preference for
fidelity over punch.

d
Pearce Consulting
http://www.pearce.uk.com
 
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On Fri, 1 Oct 2004 03:09:45 -0400, Don Pearce wrote
(in article <415e01c2.931062@news.plus.net>):

> On Thu, 30 Sep 2004 23:48:45 -0400, Ty Ford <tyreeford@comcast.net>
> wrote:
>
>>>>> You seem to imply that there might be some right hands for an Optimod.
>>>>> Of course there are - those of a scrap metal dealer.
>>>>>
>>>>> d
>>>>> Pearce Consulting
>>>>> http://www.pearce.uk.com
>>>>
>>>> I'd be disagreein'' with that.
>>>>
>>>> Ty Ford
>>>>
>>> I've listened to your audio samples, and I'm not surprised. Try
>>> listening to what real people sound like for a bit, and strive for
>>> that instead - you may be pleasantly surprised.
>>>
>>> d
>>> Pearce Consulting
>>> http://www.pearce.uk.com
>>
>>
>> Why Don. What a snotty reply.
>>
>> Since I'm sure you know close to zip about what I do with audio, save the
>> snot for yourself in future. I don't need it and this group doesn't deserve
>> it.
>>
>> The 8100 in the right hands is quite nice, folks.
>>
>> Regards,
>>
>> Ty Ford
>>
>>
> TY, my comment was purely in reference to your published samples - not
> your other work which as far as I know may be very good. But what you
> put on your web site does indeed lead me to the conclusion that you
> would like the sound of Optimod, since it is highly artificial in
> nature. Now maybe you really do believe that everybody should like to
> hear voices presented that way - and maybe I am indeed alone in the
> group in preferring a natural human voice - but don't think for one
> moment that this places you above criticism. And I'm sure that the
> group can speak for itself if it feels offended by my preference for
> fidelity over punch.
>
> d
> Pearce Consulting
> http://www.pearce.uk.com

Dear Don,

You're making broad judgements based on MP3 files? Curious.

Again, having had some experience with the Optimod 8000 and 8100 (as well as
other processors normally used and abused on air) it's still up to the
individual to determine the degree of use and/or abuse.

I support your comment if its basis is that broadcast facilities typically
overprocess the audio. That basis, however, was not made apparent in your
comments.

My problem is that instead of discussing the issue, you chose to attack me
professionally based on what amounts to a polaroid snapshot of audio (MP3)
designed for purposes other than fidelity. That's quite a jump in logic.

Regards,

Ty Ford



-- Ty Ford's equipment reviews, audio samples, rates and other audiocentric
stuff are at www.tyford.com
 
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Archived from groups: rec.audio.pro (More info?)

On Fri, 1 Oct 2004 03:04:47 -0400, Don Pearce wrote
(in article <415d0006.486765@news.plus.net>):

> No, Optimod is a tool seized upon by cheap and nasty radio stations (and yes,

> I know that is most of them) for making themselves as noisy and obnoxious as
> possible in order to stand out and appeal to the lowest common denominator in

> the market. Now I'm sure that is a plan of sorts, and I can't knock it. But
> never try to claim that it has anything to do with quality. If you want
> quality you just leave out all these extraneous bits - radio does not need
> them.

Again, when misused, this is correct. When used correctly, this is not
correct. Many expensive and not-so-nasty radio stations also over-process,
some with an optimod, some with other devices.

There is a compelling reason in area where automotive radio listening is
important. Typically, the road noise obscures the lower level passages of
non-dynamically reduced audio.

If you turn up the car radio to hear the lower levels of the 1812 Overture,
you doors will be blown off when the cannons fire.

Regards,

Ty Ford



-- Ty Ford's equipment reviews, audio samples, rates and other audiocentric
stuff are at www.tyford.com