Like its not going to be a big red flag to your employer that you have no record before the age of 18. What about applying for college? "Hmm... it seems the high school diploma you have is in someone else's name, so no, you can't attend." Even if you move the age to after college: "You want a job, but have no advanced degrees in your name, no thanks."
Of course, name changes are a matter of public record (occurring in public courts after all, at least here in the U.S.). So anyone who wanted to know would be able to find out (including employers, colleges, etc...). You won't be able to hide if someone really wants to know. Changing names isn't like going into witness protection.