It's not that simple as there is so many differences between them that I can't even type them all within an hour (counting I'm not the best at typing). I don't get it do you mean like COD? You need a ton of people to work on anything, you need to make something smaller first like a puzzle game. First I would like to explain the differences between the languages:
Java: This language is cross platform (most are) but the main thing to keep in mind with this is that you can run the
same exact file on Linux, Windows and OSX but at a cost. The thing is not only you need Java to run it but if your wondering
"How can it run on all platforms?" the answer is that Java uses something called a JIT (Just In Time) compiler which takes the file and turns it into code the operating system can use and also optimizes the program for the specific computer it is running on. Java is kinda slow at some things compared to other languages such as C, C++ and many others due to the whole JIT thing (which optimizes it to make up for the slow application boot up thingy). This programming language can do so many things and is easy to learn, minecraft even uses it but again it's not the fastest thing is the world, many people use it but not that much for very big games or programs. Also to note that it can be decompiled back into the code although I will tell you have to stop this by using obfuscation.
C/C++: First off there are many differences between C and C++ (being that C++ is a OOP language), but they are still in
the same general category. Many large companies use this because it's fast and the machine running it can run the file directly. Now there are 2 problems with this, 1 that it is compiled into machine code for the platform it was compiled for so you need to get a new compiler to get the program made for another platform, 2 it cannot be optimized for the machine that's running it due to it's already compiled but you can make optimizations in the code to check what's the machine running it but this may slightly slow it down but still not as much as any JIT compiler language. One main advantage to this language is that it's very hard to decompile the simplest program if not (most likely) impossible, someone who knew machine code would still need time to find out what the program is trying to do let alone the machine code version would be thousands of lines for a small game. In these programming languages you can find where things are in the memory (the RAM) and use that to your programs advantage (to yours if you want to be selfish

).
C#: This is like Java except it is Windows only (there is something mono project to allow multiplatform, still needs it to be installed like java for that if it's not on Windows

). You also need the .NET framework installed to run the code. You can look into XNA game studio which is not a game engine but a framework that makes making games easy if that's what you want to do.
The rest of them like Python, Ruby, Perl and some others are scripting languages but I don't recommend using them.
Like I said above about obfuscation, it basically scrambles the code until it's completely unreadable. Look at this, if you compile it as C code it prints the twelve days of christmas lol:
[cpp]#include <stdio.h>
main(t,_,a)char *a;{return!0<t?t<3?main(-79,-13,a+main(-87,1-_,
main(-86,0,a+1)+a)):1,t<_?main(t+1,_,a):3,main(-94,-27+t,a)&&t==2?_<13?
main(2,_+1,"%s %d %d\n"):9:16:t<0?t<-72?main(_,t,
"@n'+,#'/*{}w+/w#cdnr/+,{}r/*de}+,/*{*+,/w{%+,/w#q#n+,/#{l,+,/n{n+,/+#n+,/#\
;#q#n+,/+k#;*+,/'r :'d*'3,}{w+K w'K:'+}e#';dq#'l \
q#'+d'K#!/+k#;q#'r}eKK#}w'r}eKK{nl]'/#;#q#n'){)#}w'){){nl]'/+#n';d}rw' i;# \
){nl]!/n{n#'; r{#w'r nc{nl]'/#{l,+'K {rw' iK{;[{nl]'/w#q#n'wk nw' \
iwk{KK{nl]!/w{%'l##w#' i; :{nl]'/*{q#'ld;r'}{nlwb!/*de}'c \
;;{nl'-{}rw]'/+,}##'*}#nc,',#nw]'/+kd'+e}+;#'rdq#w! nr'/ ') }+}{rl#'{n' ')# \
}'+}##(!!/")
:t<-50?_==*a?putchar(31[a]):main(-65,_,a+1):main((*a=='/')+t,_,a+1)
:0<t?main(2,2,"%s"):*a=='/'||main(0,main(-61,*a,
"!ek;dc i@bK'(q)-[w]*%n+r3#l,{}:\nuwloca-O;m .vpbks,fxntdCeghiry"),a+1);}[/cpp]