If the SD card is the same physical size, and is not encoded to make it run apps on the current device, then you should be able to use it on the new phone. However, if the size is different, or if you had made it internal storage (which gets encoded) to run apps from the card, then the new device won't be able to read or access the data on it.
Deleted messages are usually gone. However you can try the following for all deleted files...
While there is no guaranty that you can get them back. Deleted does mean deleted. There are a few apps/programs out there that 'may' be able to help you recover the data.
A few of the programs you could try would be... DiskDigger, MobiSaver, Android-Recovery and Tenorshare. They are all data recovery...